\n| 3<\/td>\n | > 50<\/td>\n | Intenso<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n The emotional impact of urticaria and its effect on quality of life should also be evaluated. the Dermatology<\/span> Quality of life index (DLQI<\/span>) y CU-Q2oL, un cuestionario espec\u00edfico para la urticaria cr\u00f3nica, se han validado para la urticaria cr\u00f3nica, donde la interrupci\u00f3n del sue\u00f1o es un problema particular.<\/p>\n<\/span>\u00bfQu\u00e9 causa la urticaria?<\/span><\/h2>\nThe scars are due to the release of chemical mediators from the tissue. mast cells<\/span> and circulating basophils<\/span>. These chemical mediators include histamine<\/span>, platelet<\/span>activation factor and cytokines<\/span>. Mediators activate the sensory nerves<\/span> and cause dilation of blood vessels<\/span> and fluid leakage into the surrounding tissues. The release of bradykinin causes angioedema.<\/p>\nSeveral hypotheses have been proposed to explain urticaria. The immune, arachidonic acid and coagulation<\/span> systems are involved and genetic mutations<\/span> are under investigation<\/p>\n<\/span>Acute urticaria<\/span><\/h3>\nAcute urticaria can be induced by the following factors, but the cause is not always identified.<\/p>\n \n- Acute viral infection<\/span>– infecci\u00f3n respiratoria superior, viral hepatitis<\/span>, mononucleosis infecciosa, micoplasma\n<\/li>\n
- Acute bacterial<\/span> infecci\u00f3n dental abscess<\/span>sinusitis<\/li>\n
- \n
Food allergy<\/span> (Mediada por IgE): generalmente leche, huevo, man\u00ed, mariscos<\/li>\n- \n
Alergia a medicamentos (urticaria inducida por medicamentos mediada por IgE): a menudo un antibi\u00f3tico\n<\/li>\n - \n
Urticaria inducida por f\u00e1rmacos debido a pseudoalergia: aspirina, anti-esteroide no esteroideo no selectivoinflammatory<\/span> drugs, opiates, radio contrast media; these cause hives without immune activation<\/li>\n- Vaccination<\/li>\n
- Bee or wasp stings<\/li>\n
- \nExtended<\/span> reacci\u00f3n despu\u00e9s de una urticaria de contacto localizada, por ejemplo, l\u00e1tex de caucho\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Severe allergic urticaria can lead to anaphylactic<\/span> shock (bronchospasm<\/span>, collapse).<\/p>\nLos complejos inmunes debido a la transfusi\u00f3n de sangre causan enfermedad del suero y ciertos medicamentos causan reacciones similares a la enfermedad del suero (urticaria que deja hematomas, fiebre, inflamaci\u00f3n de los ganglios linf\u00e1ticos, dolor en las articulaciones e hinchaz\u00f3n).<\/p>\n A single episode or recurrent<\/span> Episodes of angioedema without urticaria may be due to angiotensin conversion enzyme<\/span> (ACE) inhibitor drug.<\/p>\n<\/span>Chronic urticaria<\/span><\/h3>\nChronic spontaneous urticaria is mainly idiopathic<\/span> (unknown cause) An autoimmune cause is likely. Approximately half of the patients investigated carry functional IgG autoantibodies<\/span> to immunoglobulin<\/span> IgE or high affinity receiver<\/span> Fc\u03b5RI\u03b1.<\/p>\nChronic spontaneous urticaria has also been associated with:<\/p>\n \n- Infecci\u00f3n subyacente cr\u00f3nica, como Helicobacter pylori<\/em>par\u00e1sitos intestinales<\/li>\n
- Enfermedades autoinmunes cr\u00f3nicas, como systemic<\/span> lupus eritematoso, enfermedad tiroidea, enfermedad cel\u00edaca, vitiligo y otros<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Scars in chronic spontaneous urticaria may be aggravated by:<\/p>\n \n- Hot<\/li>\n
- Viral infection<\/li>\n
- Tight clothes<\/li>\n
- Pseudoalergia a medicamentos: aspirina, no esteroidal anti-inflammatory<\/span> drugs, opiates<\/li>\n
- Food pseudoallergy: salicylates, azo dyes, food dyes such as tartrazine (102), benzoate preservatives (210-220) and other food additives.\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Inducible urticaria is a response to a physical stimulus.<\/p>\n \n\n\n| Tipo de urticaria inducible<\/th>\n | Ejemplos de est\u00edmulos que inducen la curaci\u00f3n.<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n | \n| Symptomatic dermographism<\/td>\n | \n\n- Stroking or scratching the skin<\/li>\n
- Tight clothes<\/li>\n
- Drying towels after a hot shower<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Cold urticaria<\/td>\n | \n\n- cold air in exposed skin<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Cold water<\/li>\n
- Block of ice<\/li>\n
- Cryotherapy<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Cholinergic urticaria<\/td>\n | \n\n- exercise-induced sweat<\/li>\n
- Sweat induced by emotional discomfort<\/li>\n
- Hot shower<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Contact urticaria<\/td>\n | \n\n- Inducing substance absorbed through the skin or mucous membrane<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- \nAllergens<\/span> (IgE mediated): white flour, cosmetics, textiles, latex, saliva, meat, fish, vegetables<\/li>\n
- Pseudoallergens or irritants<\/span>: nettle, hairy caterpillar, medicines<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Delayed pressure urticaria<\/td>\n | \n\n- Pressure on the affected skin several hours before<\/li>\n
- carry heavy bag<\/li>\n
- Seat belt pressure.<\/li>\n
- Standing on a ladder rung<\/li>\n
- Sitting on a horse<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Solar urticaria<\/td>\n | \n\n- Sun exposure to non-inhabited body sites<\/li>\n
- A menudo sobra cara, cuello, manos<\/li>\n
- May involve long wavelengths UV<\/span> or visible light<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Heat urticaria<\/td>\n | \n\n- hot water bottle<\/li>\n
- hot drink<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Vibratory urticaria<\/td>\n | \n\n- Pneumatic hammer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Aquagenic urticaria<\/td>\n | \n\n- hot or cold water<\/li>\n
- Fresh, salty or chlorinated water<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
El angioedema recurrente sin urticaria puede deberse a hereditario o adquirido complement<\/span> Deficiencia de C1 esterasa.<\/p>\n\n \n \n \n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n <\/span>\u00bfC\u00f3mo se diagnostica la urticaria?<\/span><\/h2>\nLa urticaria se diagnostica en personas con antecedentes de enfermedades que duran menos de 24 horas con o sin angioedema. Se debe obtener un historial familiar. Se debe realizar un examen f\u00edsico completo.<\/p>\n Radioallergosorbent skin tests (RAST) or CAP fluoroimmunoassay may be ordered if a food or drug allergy is suspected in acute urticaria.<\/p>\n There are no routine diagnostic tests in chronic spontaneous urticaria, other than blood count and | | | | | | | | | |