<\/span><\/h2>\nMalassezia refers to a group of basidiomycetosus (club-shaped) yeasts of the genus Malassezia, which has several different species. The names of the species include:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n- M. dermatis<\/em><\/li>\n
- M. equi<\/em><\/li>\n
- M. furfur<\/em><\/li>\n
- M. globosa<\/em><\/li>\n
- M. obtusa<\/em><\/li>\n
- M. pachydermatis<\/em><\/li>\n
- M. restricted<\/em><\/li>\n
- M. slooffiae<\/em><\/li>\n
- M. sympodialis<\/em><\/li>\n
- \nM. ovalis<\/em> (also know as Pityrosporum ovale<\/em>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>What skin conditions are associated with malassezia? <\/span><\/h2>\nSkin conditions caused or aggravated by infection<\/span> by malassezia include:<\/p>\n\n- \nPityriasis<\/span> versicolor: most often due to the subspecies M. globosa, M. sympodialis<\/em> and M. furfur<\/em>\n<\/li>\n
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Malassezia folliculitis due to yeast growing in the hair<\/span> follicles<\/span> where they produce inflammation<\/span>\n<\/li>\n- Steroid acne<\/li>\n
- \nSeborrheic<\/span> dermatitis<\/span>, dandruff, sebopsoriasis, and facial or scalp psoriasis, most often due to M. restricted<\/em> and M. globosa<\/em>.<\/li>\n
- \nNeonatal<\/span> cephalic<\/span> pustulosis<\/span>, a pustular<\/span> eruption<\/span> in young babies that resembles infantile acne\n<\/li>\n
- Possibly some cases of confluent<\/span> and lattice<\/span> papillomatosis<\/span>, a pigmented<\/span> rash that occurs mainly on the chest, back, and neck of adolescent girls<\/li>\n
- Some facial atopic<\/span> dermatitis; in this case there may be specific IgE antibodies<\/span> directed against Malassezia and positive puncture tests organism<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Rarely, invader<\/span> pyroporosis in immunocompromised individuals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
<\/span>Malassezia infections<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
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\n<\/div>\n
Malassezia folliculitis<\/p>\n
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\n<\/div>\n
Pityriasis versicolor<\/p>\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
Seborrheic dermatitis<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n
<\/div>\n
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\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
<\/span>How are the skin conditions associated with malassezia diagnosed?<\/span><\/h2>\nThe diagnosis of skin conditions associated with malassezia is often made clinically, but can be confirmed when skin scrapings reveal malassezia (see laboratory tests for fungal infection). Microscopy<\/span> of malassezia, using potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparations, shows clumps of yeast cells and long hyphae. The appearance is said to be like 'spaghetti and meatballs'. The hyphal filaments used to be called 'Malassezia' and the yeast forms were called 'Pityrosporum', but mycologists eventually realized they were the same organism.<\/p>\nMalassezia species are difficult to culture in the laboratory, so scrapings can be reported as \u201cculture<\/span> negative ". Yeast grows better if a lipid<\/span> as olive oil is added to the Littman agar culture medium.<\/p>\n<\/span>Predisposing factors for malassezia proliferation<\/span>
\n<\/span><\/h2>\nMalassezia species inhabit the skin of approximately 90% of adults without causing damage. In some people, yeast suppresses the body's expected immune response, allowing it to proliferate and cause a skin disorder, often with very little inflammatory<\/span> answer. When malassezia is associated with dermatitis, it is believed to irritate metabolites<\/span> of yeasts may be responsible (free fatty acids are hydrolyzed from triglycerides<\/span>)<\/p>\nPredisposing factors for Malassezia skin disease include:<\/p>\n
\n- Humidity<\/span><\/li>\n
- Sweating: therefore, pityriasis versicolor is common in tropical areas<\/li>\n
- Oily skin (seborrhea): therefore, it is mainly found on the scalp, face, and upper torso.<\/li>\n
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Acne and its treatment with oral antibiotics such as tetracyclines.\n<\/li>\n
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Immunodeficiency (eg. HIV<\/span> infection), systemic<\/span> corticosteroids or immunosuppression by medications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\nYeasts produce chemicals that reduce the pigment<\/span> on the skin, causing whitish patches. These include azelaic acid, pityricitrine, and malassezine. However, azelaic acid is a useful treatment for some skin disorders such as acne and rosacea.<\/p>\nMalassezia can fluoresce when exposed to ultraviolet light (Wood's lamp). This is due to another chemical, pityrilactone.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Treatment of skin conditions associated with malassezia<\/span><\/h2>\nSee the DermNet pages on individual skin conditions for treatment information.<\/p>\n
In general, malassezia infections are treated with current<\/span> or oral antifungal agents, such as ketoconazole shampoo and oral fluconazole. Seborrheic dermatitis can also be treated with topical steroids.<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es malassezia? Malassezia se refiere a un grupo de levaduras basidiomicetosas (en forma de maza) del g\u00e9nero Malassezia, que tiene varias especies diferentes. Los nombres de las especies incluyen:…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[204],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16708","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","format-standard","category-glosario-definiciones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/16708","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16708"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/16708\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16708"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16708"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16708"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}