{"id":6489,"date":"2020-04-21T22:36:15","date_gmt":"2020-04-22T01:36:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/es\/clamidia\/"},"modified":"2020-04-27T17:28:14","modified_gmt":"2020-04-27T20:28:14","slug":"chlamydia","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/","title":{"rendered":"Chlamydia"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_88 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#%C2%BFQue-es-la-clamidia\" >What is chlamydia?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#%C2%BFQuien-contrae-la-infeccion-por-clamidia\" >Who gets Chlamydia infection?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#%C2%BFCuales-son-las-caracteristicas-clinicas-de-la-clamidia\" >What are the clinical features of chlamydia?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#Infeccion-por-clamidia-en-sitios-extragenitales\" >Chlamydia infection at extragenital sites<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#%C2%BFCuales-son-las-complicaciones-de-la-clamidia\" >What are the complications of chlamydia?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#%C2%BFComo-se-diagnostica-la-clamidia\" >How is chlamydia diagnosed?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#Muestras-clinicas-en-sitios-extragenitales\" >Clinical samples at extragenital sites.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#Investigaciones\" >Research<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#%C2%BFCual-es-el-tratamiento-de-la-clamidia\" >What is the treatment of chlamydia?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#Infeccion-no-complicada-por-clamidia-genital\" >Uncomplicated genital chlamydia infection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#Infeccion-por-clamidia-rectal-no-complicada\" >Uncomplicated rectal chlamydia infection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#Infecciones-asintomaticas-en-sitios-extragenitales\" >Asymptomatic infections at extragenital sites.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#Empirico-antimicrobiano-terapia\" >Emp\u00edrico antimicrobiano terapia<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#Otros-tratamientos\" >Other treatments<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wiki\/clamidia\/#%C2%BFComo-se-puede-prevenir-la-clamidia\" >How can chlamydia be prevented?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"textBlock\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFQue-es-la-clamidia\"><\/span>What is chlamydia?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted disease. <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"145\">infection<\/span> (ITS) caused by the <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"936\">bacterium<\/span> <em>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/em> with DK serotypes.<\/p>\n<p>L1-L3 chlamydia serotypes cause venereal lymphogranuloma (LGV), which is discussed separately.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFQuien-contrae-la-infeccion-por-clamidia\"><\/span>Who gets Chlamydia infection?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Chlamydia is a very common STI.<\/p>\n<p>Risk factors include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Be over 25 years old<\/li>\n<li>New or multiple sexual partners<\/li>\n<li>Inconsistent use of condoms.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"square-placement-country-holder\" class=\"country-dependent advert\">\n<div class=\"box-placement square-placement\">\n<div class=\"advert__frame\">\n<div id=\"dermnet-dermnet-mobbox\">\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFCuales-son-las-caracteristicas-clinicas-de-la-clamidia\"><\/span>What are the clinical features of chlamydia?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Chlamydia can cause very mild symptoms or no symptoms; <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"731\">asymptomatic<\/span> Infection occurs in approximately 70% of women and 50% of men.<\/p>\n<p>In men, the most common signs and symptoms are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"840\">Download<\/span> urethra<\/li>\n<li>Urethral irritation<\/li>\n<li>Pain when urinating<\/li>\n<li>Swelling or testicular pain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In women, the most common signs and symptoms are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Abnormal vaginal discharge\n<\/li>\n<li>Pain when urinating<\/li>\n<li>Abnormal vaginal bleeding (eg, bleeding between periods or after <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1167\">sex<\/span>)<\/li>\n<li>Pain in the lower abdominal area<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Painful sex<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1057\">dyspareunia<\/span>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Infeccion-por-clamidia-en-sitios-extragenitales\"><\/span>Chlamydia infection at extragenital sites<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Chlamydia infections can also occur in the rectum, eyes, and throat.<\/p>\n<p>Rectal infection generally occurs in men who have sex with men (MSM). It can also occur in heterosexual women who receive anal sex. Rectal chlamydia in women who do not have anal sex is believed to be the result of the infection spreading from the vagina. Rectal chlamydia is usually asymptomatic, but it can infrequently cause anal discharge and discomfort.<\/p>\n<p>Chlamydia <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1898\">conjunctivitis<\/span> It can occur in adults, where it is acquired sexually. It can also occur in newborn babies due to mother-to-child transmission. Chlamydia infection in the throat is usually asymptomatic.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFCuales-son-las-complicaciones-de-la-clamidia\"><\/span>What are the complications of chlamydia?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Chlamydia infection can cause complications of varying severity and duration, particularly after multiple infections over time.<\/p>\n<p>Possible complications in men include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Epididymis<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1292\">orchitis<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li>Sexually acquired reagent <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1578\">arthritis<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li>Perihepatitis (less likely to occur in women)<\/li>\n<li>\n<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"319\">Chronic<\/span> pain <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"350\">syndrome<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li>Sexually acquired conjunctivitis\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1900\">Balanitis<\/span> (<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"255\">eruption<\/span> affecting the glans of the penis)<\/li>\n<li>Sterility.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Possible complications in women include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Pelvic <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"490\">inflammatory<\/span> disease (PID)<\/li>\n<li>Tubal infertility<\/li>\n<li>\n<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"745\">Ectopic<\/span> the pregnancy<\/li>\n<li>Sexually acquired reactive arthritis\n<\/li>\n<li>Sexually acquired conjunctivitis\n<\/li>\n<li>Perihepatitis (Fitz-Hugh Curtis syndrome)<\/li>\n<li>Chronic pelvic pain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Mother-to-child transmission can cause chlamydia conjunctivitis and pneumonia in newborns.<\/p>\n<p>A triad of reactive arthritis, conjunctivitis, and <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"507\">urethritis<\/span> it is known as Reiter&#039;s syndrome.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFComo-se-diagnostica-la-clamidia\"><\/span>How is chlamydia diagnosed?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>In symptomatic individuals, examination results may include urethral discharge, abnormal vaginal discharge, cervicitis and contact bleeding, tenderness on bimanual examination (cervical excitation, <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1827\">attached<\/span> tenderness) and rectal discharge. Since these findings can also occur with other STIs, laboratory tests are required to confirm the diagnosis of chlamydia.<\/p>\n<p>In women, clinical samples may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1003\">vulvovaginal<\/span> swab taken by a clinician or by the patient; it has the best sensitivity (96\u201398%)<\/li>\n<li>An endocervical swab taken after the vulvovaginal swab during a speculum exam.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>A urine sample is not routinely recommended in women because <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"937\">bacterial<\/span> The urine load is much less than in men.<\/p>\n<p>In men, clinical samples may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Urine from the first empty morning (or last at least one hour before)<\/li>\n<li>Urethral swab, and has a similar or greater sensitivity.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muestras-clinicas-en-sitios-extragenitales\"><\/span>Clinical samples at extragenital sites.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>The rectal and pharyngeal swabs can be taken by a doctor or the patient. Proctoscopy should be performed if there are rectal symptoms.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Investigaciones\"><\/span>Research<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tests for chlamydia infection may include:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Chlamydia <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1360\">nucleic acid<\/span> Amplification test (NAAT): the NAAT of chlamydia can be combined with tests to <em>Neisseria gonorrhea<\/em> (gonorrhea) and <em>trichomonas vaginalis<\/em> (trichomoniasis)<\/li>\n<li>\n<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1525\">Enzyme<\/span> immunoassay (EIA)<\/li>\n<li>A point-of-care test with NAAT or EIA is not used routinely<\/li>\n<li>Chlamydia <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"837\">culture<\/span> - this is not widely available, has a low sensitivity (60\u201380%), and is not used for throat and rectal infections.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div id=\"square-placement-country-holder\" class=\"country-dependent advert\">\n<div class=\"box-placement square-placement\">\n<div class=\"advert__frame\">\n<div id=\"dermnet-dermnet-mobbox\">\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFCual-es-el-tratamiento-de-la-clamidia\"><\/span>What is the treatment of chlamydia?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>People receiving treatment for chlamydia should refrain from having sex for at least seven days.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Infeccion-no-complicada-por-clamidia-genital\"><\/span>Uncomplicated genital chlamydia infection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Doxycycline (100 mg twice a day) for 7 days: 98% cure<\/li>\n<li>Single dose (1 g) of azithromycin: cure 92-97%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Infeccion-por-clamidia-rectal-no-complicada\"><\/span>Uncomplicated rectal chlamydia infection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Doxycycline (100 mg twice a day) for 7 days<\/li>\n<li>Single dose (1 g) of azithromycin: followed by proof of cure test<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Infecciones-asintomaticas-en-sitios-extragenitales\"><\/span>Asymptomatic infections at extragenital sites.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Doxycycline (100 mg twice a day) for 7 days<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Keep in mind that doxycycline is <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1322\">contraindicated<\/span> Azithromycin is associated with QT prolongation in pregnancy.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Empirico-antimicrobiano-terapia\"><\/span>Empirical <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"516\">antimicrobial<\/span> therapy<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Proctitis, epididymoorchitis, and pelvic inflammatory disease are treated by a prolonged course of empirical antimicrobial therapy while awaiting test results.<\/p>\n<p>Treatment should cover other possible causes of these presentations, such as gonorrhea. Supportive measures and clinical review are required.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Otros-tratamientos\"><\/span>Other treatments<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Chlamydia treatment includes a comprehensive sexual health checkup to look for other STIs and reports, treatment, and evidence of sexual contacts.<\/p>\n<p>If the patient is pregnant or has rectal chlamydia, a NAAT test of cure (OCD) should be performed at least four weeks after the end of treatment. If taken earlier, a false positive may occur due to remaining chlamydia <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1296\">DNA<\/span>. Retesting in 3 months is recommended as reinfection is extremely common.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"%C2%BFComo-se-puede-prevenir-la-clamidia\"><\/span>How can chlamydia be prevented?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>For other STIs, the risk of contracting chlamydia infection is reduced through safe sex practices, including limiting the number of sexual partners, using condoms, and preventing reinfection by not having sexual contact with untreated sexual partners. .<\/p>\n<p>If you think you are infected, stop any sexual contact and consult your regular doctor or a specialist doctor at a sexual health clinic.<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la clamidia? La clamidia es una enfermedad de transmisi\u00f3n sexual. infecci\u00f3n (ITS) causada por el bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis con los serotipos D-K. Los serotipos de clamidia L1 \u2013&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[204],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6489","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","format-standard","category-glosario-definiciones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/6489","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6489"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/6489\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6489"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6489"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6489"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}