<\/span><\/h2>\nLupus erythematosus (LE) is a connective tissue<\/span> disease and<\/span> autoimmune<\/span> disorder that can affect one or more organs. Circulating autoantibodies<\/span> and immune complexes are due to loss of normal immune tolerance and are pathogen<\/span>. The clinical characteristics of LE are highly variable. LE almost always affects the skin to some degree.<\/p>\n<\/span>What is it cutaneous<\/span> lupus erythematosus?<\/span><\/h2>\nCutaneous LE comprises several chronic<\/span> and LE-specific and non-LE-specific relapse inflammatory<\/span> conditions There may be some overlap.<\/p>\n\n- \n
LE-specific cutaneous LE has been classified as acute<\/span>, subacute, intermittent and chronic. Injuries can be located<\/span> or generalized<\/span>. In LE-specific cutaneous LE, lesions are often induced by exposure to sunlight.<\/li>\n- \n
Nonspecific cutaneous LE-LE may be related to systemic<\/span> LE or other autoimmune disease.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
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<\/span>Who gets cutaneous lupus erythematosus?<\/span><\/h2>\nCutaneous LE most often affects young and middle-aged adult women (ages 20-50), but children, the elderly, and men can be affected.<\/p>\n
Important predisposing factors for cutaneous LE include:<\/p>\n
\n- Female sex<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- \nGenes<\/span>: \u2265 25 risk loci have been identified, and there are HLA<\/span> associations<\/li>\n
- Colored skin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>What Causes Lupus Erythematosus?<\/span><\/h2>\nLE is classified as an autoimmune disorder, as it is associated with pathogens antibodies<\/span> directed against cell components nuclei<\/span> on various tissues Causes of UVB irradiation keratinocytes<\/span> necrosis<\/span>, activation of the immune system and antibody<\/span> training.<\/p>\nFactors that aggravate LE include:<\/p>\n
\n- Sun exposure<\/li>\n
- Smoking cigarettes\n<\/li>\n
- Hormones<\/li>\n
- Viral infection<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Certain drugs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>\nWhat are the specific characteristics of cutaneous lupus erythematosus?<\/span><\/h2>\nThere are several types of cutaneous LE, classified as acute, subacute, intermittent, and chronic cutaneous LE. The revised Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus Severity Index and Area Index (RCLASI) can be used to assess disease activity and damage.<\/p>\n
<\/span>\nAcute cutaneous lupus erythematosus<\/span><\/h3>\nAcute cutaneous LE affects at least 50% in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Many are sick, young, fair-skinned females.<\/p>\n
Specific features of acute cutaneous LE may include:<\/p>\n
\n- \nMalar<\/span> eruption<\/span> o 'butterfly eruption<\/span>'(erythema<\/span> and edema<\/span> of cheeks, preserving nasolabial folds) that last hours to days<\/li>\n
- \nErythematous<\/span> papular<\/span> rash on the arms, sometimes forming large plates<\/span> and spreading widely<\/li>\n
- \nPhotosensitivity<\/span> (An eruption around the sun recentlyexposed skin<\/span>)<\/li>\n
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Cheilitis and mouth ulcers<\/span>\n<\/li>\n- Blisters (bullous<\/span> SLE) and erosions<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
SLE can also affect joints, kidneys, lungs, heart, liver, brain, blood vessels<\/span> (vasculitis<\/span>) and blood cells. May be accompanied by antiphospholipid syndrome<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n<\/span>Systemic LE<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
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Systemic LE<\/p>\n
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Systemic LE<\/p>\n
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Systemic LE<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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See more pictures of systemic lupus erythematosus.<\/p>\n
<\/span>\nSubacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus<\/span><\/h3>\nAbout 15% of patients with cutaneous LE have subacute cutaneous LE. One third of the cases are due to previous exposure to drugs.<\/p>\n
Features of subacute cutaneous LE include:<\/p>\n
\n- Precipitation or aggravation from sun exposure<\/li>\n
- Not itchy like psoriasis papulosquamous<\/span> rash on the upper back, chest, and upper arms<\/li>\n
- \nCancel<\/span> or polycyclic<\/span> plates clearing centrally<\/li>\n
- The absence of scars when the rash has resolved.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Up to 50% of patients with subacute cutaneous LE may also have a mild form of SLE, resulting in arthralgia<\/span> (painful joints) or arthritis<\/span> (joint disease) and low blood counts. Severe SLE is rare in patients with subacute cutaneous LE.<\/p>\n\n<\/span>Subacute LE<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
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Subacute cutaneous LE<\/p>\n
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Subacute cutaneous LE<\/p>\n
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Subacute cutaneous LE<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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<\/span>Drug-induced subacute cutaneous LE<\/span><\/h4>\nMore than 100 drugs have been associated with the development of drug-induced lupus, and the majority present with subacute cutaneous LE. They include:<\/p>\n
\n- Terbinafine<\/li>\n
- \nTumor<\/span> necrosis factor alpha (TNF-\u03b1) inhibitors (biologics)<\/li>\n
- Anticonvulsants<\/li>\n
- Proton-pump inhibitor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
<\/span>Drug-induced lupus<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
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Drug-induced lupus<\/p>\n
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Drug-induced lupus<\/p>\n
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Drug-induced lupus<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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<\/span>\nNeonatal<\/span> cutaneous lupus erythematosus<\/span><\/h4>\nNeonatal cutaneous LE arises within 2 months of birth to mothers with subacute, subacute, or subclinical cutaneous LE.<\/p>\n
Features of neonatal cutaneous LE may include:<\/p>\n
\n- Erythematous annular rash, which resolves slowly over 6 months.<\/li>\n
- The rash is more frequent. periorbital<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Photosensitivity<\/li>\n
- Blood count abnormalities: hemolytic<\/span> anemia<\/span>, leukopenia<\/span>, thrombocytopenia<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Hepatobiliary disease<\/li>\n
- Persistent congenital<\/span> heart block<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
A pediatrician should evaluate all babies born to mothers with subacute LE (or carriers of anti-Ro \/ La) at birth. Mortality in infants with heart block is up to 20%, despite pacemaker implantation.<\/p>\n\n<\/span>Neonatal lupus<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n