<\/span><\/h2>\nActinomycosis is a chronic<\/span> or slowly progressive<\/span> infection<\/span> caused by various bacterial<\/span> species of Actinomyces<\/em> gender, most commonly Actinomyces israelii<\/em>. Actinomyces<\/em> are normal inhabitants of the mouth, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract, and do not cause infection unless there is a break in the skin or mucous membrane<\/span>. Actinomyces<\/em> It also seems to require the presence of other companions bacteria<\/span> to cause disease.<\/p>\nThe disease is characterized by the formation of a abscess<\/span> and draining breast<\/span> tracts (small tunnels that open onto the skin's surface or mucous<\/span> membranes and drainage pus). Drain pus contains yellow granules<\/span> called sulfur granules. These are named after the color of the granules, not their content.<\/p>\nActinomycosis is being differentiated<\/span> of actinomycetoma, which is a chronic infection of the skin and subcutaneous<\/span> tissue, which generally affects the foot (see myoma). Actinomycetoma is caused by different Actinomyces species found in soil and plant material in tropical regions.<\/p>\n<\/span>Who is at risk for actinomycosis?<\/span><\/h2>\nActinomycosis is relatively rare, but the following factors increase the risk of infection:<\/p>\n
\n- Poor oral hygiene followed by dental surgery or trauma<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Impaired immunity, for example, immunosuppressive drugs or chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus.<\/li>\n
- Malnutrition<\/li>\n
- Residence in tropical countries<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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<\/span>What are the clinical features of actinomycosis?<\/span><\/h2>\n<\/span>Cervicofacial actinomycosis<\/span><\/h3>\nCervicofacial actinomycosis (neck and head) is the most common form of infection, accounting for 50-70% of cases. Dental surgery, oral or facial trauma, or local tissue damage caused by Cancer<\/span> or radiation therapy<\/span> It commonly precedes infection. The infection usually begins with a slow, progressive, painless, hard lump on the cheek or around the jaw. This evolves into abscesses and sinus drains. The surrounding tissues swell. Fever<\/span> and other symptoms of systemic<\/span> The infection is sometimes present. Actinomycosis around the jaw can cause trismus (prolonged spasm of the jaw muscles).<\/p>\nLymph nodes<\/span> they generally do not enlarge and there is usually little pain, unless adjacent<\/span> The structures are compressed. The infection slowly spreads to surrounding tissues and organs, such as the scalp, eyes, ears, tongue, larynx<\/span>and trachea. Invasion of the adjacent bone occasionally occurs. The infection can spread to the meninges (the membranes that surround the brain and spinal column) cable<\/span>) causing meningitis<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/span>Abdominal actinomycosis<\/span><\/h3>\nAbdominal disease (10-20% of cases) usually follows a rupture in the gastrointestinal mucosa, for example, after surgery, appendicitis, diverticulitis, or ingestion<\/span> foreign bodies such as chicken or fish bones. This disease is difficult to diagnose since patients often have nonspecific symptoms of slow progression, such as fever, weight loss, diarrhea or constipation, and abdominal pain. Any abdominal organ can be affected by the direct spread of the disease. Sinus tracts are occasionally found spreading to the skin of the abdominal wall or the mucous membrane<\/span> tissue of the rectum or anus.<\/p>\n<\/span>\nPulmonary<\/span> actinomycosis<\/span><\/h3>\nLung disease (15-20% of cases) is usually caused by aspiration<\/span> (inhalation<\/span>) of oral or gastrointestinal secretions. The infection presents with slowly progressive nonspecific symptoms such as cough, sputum<\/span> production, breathing difficulties and chest pain. The infection can spread slowly to involve local structures such as the heart and chest wall, with sinus tracts occasionally spreading to the skin of the chest.<\/p>\n<\/span>Pelvic actinomycosis<\/span><\/h3>\nPelvic actinomycosis is rare and is associated with the use of intrauterine<\/span> contraceptive devices Common symptoms of this infection include discomfort in the lower abdomen, abnormal vaginal and vaginal bleeding. download<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/span>\nPrimary<\/span> cutaneous<\/span> actinomycosis<\/span><\/h3>\nPrimary cutaneous actinomycosis is very rare and affects exposed skin<\/span> after the direct implantation of the organism<\/span> during an injury<\/p>\n<\/span>How is actinomycosis diagnosed?<\/span><\/h2>\n\n- Material obtained from the aspiration of an abscess or sinus tract, or of a biopsy<\/span> the sample can be grown in the laboratory; Strict growing conditions are required to grow Actinomyces<\/em>. A variety of accompanying bacteria will often be present.<\/li>\n
- Sulfur granules can be examined under a microscope to detect characteristic features of Actinomyces<\/em>; However, this is not conclusive proof, like other bacterium<\/span> Called Nocardia it has a similar appearance.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>What is the treatment for actinomycosis?<\/span><\/h2>\nThe goal of actinomycosis treatment is to treat the infection with large doses of antibiotics and surgery to create an unfavorable disease. aerobic<\/span> conditions for the growth of Actinomyces<\/em> species.<\/p>\n\n- Actinomycosis is treated with antibiotics, such as penicillin. High doses of intravenous penicillin followed by oral penicillin are generally needed to penetrate areas of fibrosis<\/span> and suppuration Prolonged treatment is often required to prevent relapse<\/span>.<\/li>\n
- Alternative antibiotics include tetracyclines, erythromycin, and clindamycin.<\/li>\n
- Surgical management includes drainage of deep abscesses, excision<\/span> of sinus tract and elimination of infected bulky masses.<\/li>\n
- The combined treatment of penicillin and surgery almost always produces a cure.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la actinomicosis? La actinomicosis es un cr\u00f3nico o lentamente progresivo infecci\u00f3n causado por varios bacteriano especies de Actinomyces g\u00e9nero, m\u00e1s com\u00fanmente Actinomyces israelii. Actinomyces son habitantes normales de…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[204],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-6783","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","format-standard","category-glosario-definiciones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/6783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6783"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/6783\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}