<\/span><\/h2>\nAllergic contact dermatitis is a form of dermatitis \/eczema<\/span> caused by a allergic reaction<\/span> to a material called allergen<\/span>, in contact with the skin. The allergen is harmless to people who are not allergic to it. Allergic contact dermatitis is also called contact. allergy<\/span>. <\/p>\n<\/span>Who gets allergic contact dermatitis?<\/span><\/h2>\nAllergic contact dermatitis is common in the general population and in specific employment groups. <\/p>\n
\n- It is more common in women than men, mainly due to nickel allergy and, recently, to the acrylate allergy associated with nail cosmetics.<\/li>\n
- Many young children are also allergic to nickel.<\/li>\n
- Contact allergy to current<\/span> Antibiotics are common in patients over the age of 70.<\/li>\n
- Allergic contact dermatitis is especially common in metalworkers, hairdressers, beauticians, healthcare workers, cleaners, painters, and florists.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>What causes allergic contact dermatitis?<\/span><\/h2>\nAllergic contact dermatitis is type 4 or late. hypersensitivity<\/span> reaction and occurs 48\u201372 hours after exposure to the allergen. The mechanism involves CD4 + T-lymphocytes<\/span>, who recognize a antigen<\/span> on the surface of the skin, releasing cytokines<\/span> that activate the immune system and cause dermatitis. Note:<\/p>\n\n- Contact allergy occurs predominantly from an allergen on the skin rather than from internal sources or food.<\/li>\n
- Only a small number of people react to the specific allergen, which is harmless to those who are not allergic to it.<\/li>\n
- They may have been in contact with the allergen for years without causing dermatitis.<\/li>\n
- Contact with small amounts of an allergen can induce dermatitis.<\/li>\n
- Patients with impaired skin barrier function are more prone to allergic contact dermatitis, for example, patients with leg ulcers<\/span>, perianal<\/span> dermatitis or chronic<\/span> irritating<\/span> contact dermatitis.<\/li>\n
- Patients with atopic<\/span> dermatitis associated with defective filaggrin (a structural protein in the stratum corneum<\/span>) have a high risk of also developing allergic contact dermatitis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>What are the clinical features of allergic contact dermatitis?<\/span><\/h2>\nAllergic contact dermatitis arises a few hours after contact with the responsible material. It is established for a few days as long as the skin is no longer in contact with the allergen. <\/p>\n
Allergic contact dermatitis is generally limited to the site of contact with the allergen, but can spread outside of the contact area or become generalized<\/span>.<\/p>\n