<\/span><\/h2>\nBacterial conjunctivitis is transmitted by direct contact with secretions from an infected individual or by contact with contaminated surfaces. It can also be secondary to viral conjunctivitis.<\/p>\n
The most common organisms<\/span> The causes of bacterial conjunctivitis are:<\/p>\n\n- Staphylococcus aureus<\/em><\/li>\n
- steotococci pneumonia<\/em><\/li>\n
- Haemophilus influenzae<\/em><\/li>\n
- Moraxella catarrhalis.<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Other notable bacterial causes of pink eye include hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis and chlamydial infections.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis<\/span><\/h3>\nHyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis is usually due to Neisseria species, especially gonococcus (the cause of gonorrhea). Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis is serious and can threaten sight, requiring immediate referral to a ophthalmologist<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/span>Chlamydial infections<\/span><\/h3>\nC. trachomatis<\/em> is the most common cause of chronic<\/span> follicular<\/span> conjunctivitis (that is, follicular conjunctivitis that lasts more than 16 to 28 days) Cause 3 clinical syndromes:<\/p>\n\n- Trachoma<\/li>\n
- Inclusion conjunctivitis in adults<\/li>\n
- \nNeonatal<\/span> conjunctivitis.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>Trachoma<\/span><\/h3>\nTrachoma is due to C. trachomatis<\/em>, serotypes A, B, Ba and C. Conjunctivitis is the main clinical manifestation of active trachoma. It is also known as "granular conjunctivitis" and can cause blindness and other complications.<\/p>\n<\/span>Inclusion conjunctivitis<\/span><\/h3>\nInclusion conjunctivitis is due to C. trachomatis<\/em>, serotypes D - K. In adults, it is a sexually transmitted infection by hand-to-eye contact. In neonates<\/span>, develops 5-14 days after birth and is transmitted from an infected untreated mother.<\/p>\n\n
\n
\n
\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
<\/span>What are the symptoms and signs of bacterial conjunctivitis?<\/span><\/h2>\nConjunctivitis is a diagnosis of exclusion. All forms of conjunctivitis are characterized by:<\/p>\n
\n- Redness and discharge in one or both eyes.<\/li>\n
- \nDiffuse<\/span> redness around the globe, including the lower part of the upper and lower eyelids<\/li>\n
- \nAccession<\/span> of the upper and lower eyelids upon waking<\/li>\n
- Normal vision<\/li>\n
- Absence of focal<\/span> pathology<\/span> (eg, stye or blepharitis).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
The following 'red flags' point to other more serious diagnoses, such as keratitis<\/span> (inflammation of the cornea<\/span>), iritis or angle closure glaucoma<\/span>:<\/p>\n\n- Changes in visual acuity.<\/li>\n
- Ciliary flush - an injection pattern in which the redness is most pronounced in a ring at the limbus (the edge of the cornea and sclera)<\/li>\n
- \nPhotophobia<\/span> (sensitivity to light)<\/li>\n
- Severe foreign body sensation that prevents the patient from keeping the eye open<\/li>\n
- Corneal opacity<\/li>\n
- Fixed student<\/li>\n
- Severe headache with nausea.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Indicators of a bacterial cause of conjunctivitis include:<\/p>\n
\n- \nUnilateral<\/span> intervention<\/li>\n
- More prominent participation in the margins of the eyelid and in the corners of the eye.<\/li>\n
- Thick yellow, white or green purulent<\/span> discharge that continues throughout the day.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis is also associated with:<\/p>\n
\n- \nConcurrent<\/span> urethritis<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Rapid progression of symptoms: swelling of the eyelid, marked chemosis (gelatinous swelling of the conjunctiva)<\/li>\n
- Preauricular tender lymph nodes<\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Trachoma is characterized by pain follicles<\/span> in the lower part of the upper eyelid, which break down to cause bites<\/span> of the cornea and possible blindness.<\/p>\nInclusion conjunctivitis in adults is associated with:<\/p>\n
\n- Concurrent asymptomatic<\/span> urogenital<\/span> infection<\/li>\n
- Persistent follicular conjunctivitis, which does not respond to current<\/span> antibiotics<\/li>\n
- Keratitis<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>What are the complications of bacterial conjunctivitis?<\/span><\/h2>\nMost forms of conjunctivitis are self-limited, but in certain cases, serious complications can occur. Pain, vision loss, or photophobia require immediate referral to an ophthalmologist.<\/p>\n
Complications of bacterial conjunctivitis include:<\/p>\n
\n- Keratitis<\/li>\n
- Chronic redness, discharge, and irritation.<\/li>\n
- Blindness.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Conjunctivitis caused by Neisseria meningitidis<\/em> (meningococcal disease) may precede meningitis<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/span>How is bacterial conjunctivitis treated?<\/span><\/h2>\nMany cases of bacterial conjunctivitis resolve spontaneously in 5 to 14 days. Antibiotics may shorten the course if given before day 6. Chloramphenicol 0.5% or Framycetin 0.5% eye drops can be used. Complete the course, then throw away the used bottle. Warning: chloramphenicol and framycetin can cause severe contact allergy dermatitis<\/span>.<\/p>\nGonorrhea and Chlamydia require systemic<\/span> antibiotic treatment Hyperacute bacterial conjunctivitis requires hospitalization for systemic and topical therapy. Keratitis and drilling<\/span> it can happen.<\/p>\nTopical or systemic glucocorticoids<\/span> sometimes they are used under specialized advice. Warning: glucocorticoids can cause vision-threatening complications, such as corneal scarring and perforation, waterfalls<\/span> and glaucoma, when used inappropriately.<\/p>\nPatients should be educated on hygiene measures to reduce the spread of infection.<\/p>\n
\n- Wash hands frequently.<\/li>\n
- Avoid touching or rubbing your eyes.<\/li>\n
- Wash the discharge around the eyes with a fresh cotton ball or tissue.<\/li>\n
- Dispose of used makeup, contact lenses solution<\/span> and used disposable contact lenses.<\/li>\n
- Wash bedding and towels in hot water and detergent.<\/li>\n
- Avoid sharing cosmetics, bedding, towels, and clothing.<\/li>\n
- Avoid swimming in a public pool.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Que es conjuntivitis? La conjuntivitis es inflamaci\u00f3n del conjuntiva del ojo La conjuntiva es la membrana semitransparente que cubre la parte blanca del ojo (el escler\u00f3tico) y delimita el interior…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[204],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7441","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","format-standard","category-glosario-definiciones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/7441","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7441"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/7441\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7441"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7441"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7441"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}