<\/span><\/h2>\nA nevus (American spelling nevus, nevi) is a circumscribed<\/span> and stable malformation<\/span> of a skin component. Naevi<\/span> (American spelling Nevi) are often present at birth, when they are often called brown birthmarks. Naevi composed of melanocytes<\/span> (the pigment<\/span> cells that produce melanin<\/span>) They are called melanocytic<\/span> naevi or pigmented<\/span> naevi.<\/p>\n<\/span>What are Ota, Ito and Hori naevi?<\/span><\/h2>\nNevi of Ota, Nevi of Ito, and Nevi of Hori are special melanocytic nevi that have a slate brown or blue \/ gray coloration. They are forms of dermal<\/span> melanocytosis in which nevus cells lie deep within the dermis<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n- Ota's Naevus is on the forehead and face around the eye area. Hyperpigmentation<\/span> parts of the eye can occur (sclerotic<\/span>, cornea<\/span>iris, retina)<\/li>\n
- Naevus of Hori is similar to Naevus of Ota but affects both sides of the face<\/li>\n
- Ito's naevus is in the shoulder and upper arm area (shoulder girdle).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Dermal melanocytosis can also occur in other parts of the body, including inside the mouth.<\/p>\n\n<\/span>Naevus of Ota<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
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Naevus of Ota<\/p>\n
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Naevus of Ota<\/p>\n
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Naevus of Ota<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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\n<\/span>Naevus by Ito<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
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Naevus by Ito<\/p>\n
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Naevus by Ito<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n
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<\/span>How does dermal melanocytosis arise and who is at risk?<\/span><\/h2>\nIt is not known why dermal melanocytosis occurs. Specific mutations<\/span> they have been detected within dermal melanocytes, most frequently GNAQ or GNA11. Researchers have suggested that hormones play a role in its development. The role of Ultraviolet radiation<\/span> it is believed to be small, as it does not reach deep dermal melanocytes.<\/p>\nOta's naevus is much more common than Ito's neevus. These nevi are present at birth in 50% of cases, but can appear during adolescence or adult life. Naevus of Hori is not present at birth and is therefore a form of acquired melanocytosis.<\/p>\n
Naevi de Ota and Ito are most commonly found in Asian populations; 0.2-0.6% of the Japanese have a nevus of Ota. They appear more often in women. Both forms of nevi are rare in Caucasians.<\/p>\n
<\/span>What are the signs, symptoms, and complications of dermal melanocytosis?<\/span><\/h2>\nIn all forms of dermal melanocytosis:<\/p>\n
\n- Color may vary to include brown-purple, purple-blue, or blue-green shades<\/li>\n
- Naevi present in childhood can slowly grow and darken until they reach adulthood.<\/li>\n
- The color or perceived color of nevi may change according to personal and environmental conditions, eg. fatigue, menstruation, hot weather<\/li>\n
- If it affects the eye, melanocytosis rarely causes glaucoma<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- \nEvil one<\/span> melanoma<\/span> it very rarely develops within dermal melanocytosis, and has generally been reported in Caucasians. Ocular<\/span> Melanoma of the choroid, brain, orbit, iris, ciliary body, and optic nerve has rarely been reported in association with a nevus of Ota.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>How is the diagnosis of dermal melanocytosis made?<\/span><\/h2>\nThe diagnosis of dermal melanocytosis is usually made by looking at the typical discoloration of the skin. It is classified according to the affected site.<\/p>\n
Some patients can undergo the skin. biopsy<\/span>, which confirms the presence of melanocytes in the dermis.<\/p>\nOther skin conditions that result in bluish or gray skin can be considered. These include:<\/p>\n
\n- Blue nevus<\/li>\n
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Drug induced pigmentation<\/span>, most often due to minocycline, a tetracycline antibiotic<\/li>\n- Melasma<\/li>\n
- Post-inflammatory<\/span> pigmentation<\/li>\n
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Pigmented and ashy lichen planus skin disease<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n
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<\/span>What treatments are available for melanocytosis?<\/span><\/h2>\nTreatment for a melanocytosis may include cosmetic camouflage to cover the disfiguring marks, and To be<\/span> treatment (generally using 1064nm Q changed<\/span> Nd: YAG, Alexandrite or QS ruby laser) or intense pulsed light (IPL).<\/p>\n