<\/span><\/h2>\nDrug-induced skin pigmentation accounts for 10-20% of all cases of acquired infection. hyperpigmentation<\/span>. Pigmentation can be induced by a wide variety of medications; the main ones implicated include non-steroidal anti-steroidsinflammatory<\/span> drugs (NSAID<\/span>), phenytoin, antimalarials, amiodarone, antipsychotics, cytotoxic<\/span> drugs, tetracyclines and heavy metals.<\/p>\nSome drugs can cause fixed drugs eruption<\/span>, which is followed by located<\/span> hyperpigmentation and gradually fades.<\/p>\n\n<\/span>Drug-induced pigmentation<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
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\n<\/div>\n
Minocycline pigmentation<\/p>\n
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\n<\/div>\n
Minocycline pigmentation<\/p>\n
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\n<\/div>\n
Fixed drug reaction to trimethoprim + sulfamethoxazole<\/p>\n
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\n<\/div>\n
since<\/p>\n
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\n<\/div>\n
Reaction to medications<\/p>\n
\n
\n<\/div>\n
Antiepileptic carotenemia<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n
<\/div>\n
<\/span>What causes drug-induced skin pigmentation?<\/span><\/h2>\nSeveral mechanisms may be involved in drug-induced skin pigmentation changes.<\/p>\n
\n- Certain heavy metals, such as iron, silver, and gold, can deposit in the dermis<\/span> next damage to dermal<\/span> vessels. If deposited in sufficient quantities, a distinctive change in skin color can be seen without any significant increase in melanin<\/span>.<\/li>\n
- Some drugs react with melanin to form a drug.pigment<\/span> complex. Exposure to sunlight often stimulates sun-induced melanin synthesis forming these complexes.<\/li>\n
- Some drugs induce hypermelanosis (accumulation of melanin) as a nonspecific post-inflammatory<\/span> change in predisposed individuals. This is often made worse by sun exposure.<\/li>\n
- Some drugs induce pigmentation directly by accumulating and\/or reacting with other substances in the skin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
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\n
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\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n
<\/span>What are the clinical characteristics of drug-induced skin pigmentation?<\/span><\/h2>\nThe clinical characteristics of drug-induced skin pigmentation are highly variable depending on the drug involved. A wide range of patterns and shades can be formed.<\/p>\n
\n\n\n| Drug\/drug group<\/th>\n | Clinical features<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n |
\n| Heavy metals<\/td>\n | \n\n- Heavy metal pigmentation toxicity<\/span> can be permanent<\/li>\n
- Iron can cause dark brown pigmentation (siderosis) at the accident site subcutaneous<\/span> injection<\/li>\n
- Excessive gold, previously used in the treatment of rheumatic diseases, can cause diffuse<\/span> golden brown pigmentation<\/li>\n
- \nIngested<\/span> silver salts can induce diffuse grayish pigmentation (argyria)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Tetracyclines (minocycline)<\/td>\n | \n\n- Bluish pigmentation, especially in scars<\/li>\n
- Can affect nail<\/span> and skin<\/li>\n
- \nCumulative<\/span>; pigmentation is more likely at higher doses<\/li>\n
- It affects older patients more than younger ones.<\/li>\n
- It may take several years to disappear once the medication is stopped.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Antipsychotics (chlorpromazine and related phenothiazines)<\/td>\n | \n\n- Blue-gray pigmentation, especially in sun-exposed areas<\/li>\n
- The pigmentation is cumulative and some areas may develop a purplish tint.<\/li>\n
- Pigmentation of the conjunctiva<\/span> in the eye can also occur, along with waterfalls<\/span> and corneal opacities<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Phenytoin\/anticonvulsants\n<\/td>\n | \n\n- 10% patients develop pigmentation of the face and neck that resembles chloasma (clearly defined, approximately symmetrical<\/span> dark brown patches)<\/li>\n
- It fades after a few months when the medication is stopped.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Antimalarials<\/td>\n | \n\n- About 25% of patients receiving chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine for several years develop bluish-gray pigmentation on the face, neck, and sometimes the legs and forearms.<\/li>\n
- Long-term continuous use may result in blue-black spots, especially in sun-exposed areas.<\/li>\n
- Nail beds and changes in the cornea and retina may also develop.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Cytotoxic drugs<\/td>\n | \n\n- Busulfan, cyclophosphamide, bleomycin, and adriamycin have produced hyperpigmentation to some degree.<\/li>\n
- Banded or diffuse pigmentation of the nails often occurs<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| Amiodarone<\/td>\n | \n\n- Blue-gray pigmentation in sun-exposed areas (face and hands)<\/li>\n
- \nPhotosensitivity<\/span> occurs in 30-57% of patients, while 1-10% shows skin pigmentation<\/li>\n
- Skin pigmentation is reversible, but may take up to a year for complete resolution after stopping the medication.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\n| NSAID<\/td>\n | \n\n- Often associated with fixed drugs rashes<\/span> (drugs that cause a single or few acute demarcated<\/span> erythematous<\/span> lesions that resolve quickly but leave local brown pigmentation<\/li>\n
- It can occur on the face, extremities and genitals.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
<\/span>What is the treatment for drug-induced skin pigmentation?<\/span><\/h2>\nDrug-induced skin pigmentation can become cosmetically disfiguring. In many cases, once the offending drug is discontinued, discoloration of the lesions occurs. However, the pigmentation can last a long time or become permanent. Because many medications that induce skin pigmentation also cause photosensitivity reactions, sun protection is generally recommended.<\/p>\n To be<\/span> The treatment has been successful in treating amiodarone-induced skin pigmentation.<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\u00bfQu\u00e9 es la piel inducida por f\u00e1rmacos? pigmentaci\u00f3n? La pigmentaci\u00f3n de la piel inducida por f\u00e1rmacos representa el 10-20% de todos los casos de infecci\u00f3n adquirida. hiperpigmentaci\u00f3n. La pigmentaci\u00f3n puede…<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[204],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7971","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","format-standard","category-glosario-definiciones"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/7971","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7971"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/7971\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7971"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7971"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7971"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}} | | | | | | | |