<\/span><\/h2>\nIt is unclear exactly how a fixed drug rash arises and why only certain areas of the skin are affected. <\/p>\n
It is believed that a antigen<\/span> of the active drug cytotoxic<\/span> T cells<\/span> at epidermis<\/span>. These launch cytokines<\/span> (inflammatory<\/span> mediators), such as interferon-\u03b3, granzyme B and perforin. Cytokines, with helper T cells and neutrophils<\/span><\/span>, destroys local skin cells (keratinocytes<\/span> and melanocytes<\/span>) Cytotoxic T cells remain in the epidermis and release more cytokines when re-exposed to the causal drug<\/span>.<\/p>\n\n
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<\/span>What does fixed drug rash look like?<\/span><\/h2>\nFixed drug rash presents as well-defined round or oval patches of redness and swelling of the skin, sometimes surpassed by a blister. This then fades to a purple or brown color and the blister shrinks and peels off. In mucous membrane<\/span> sites (lips, vulva<\/span>, penis), extensive ulceration<\/span> it can happen.<\/p>\nThe hands and feet, lips, eyelids, genitals and perianal<\/span> The areas are common sites. <\/p>\n\n<\/span>Fixed drug eruption<\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n\n\n
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Lesions usually develop between 30 minutes and 8 hours after taking the medication. At first, they are sometimes solitary, but with repeated attacks, new lesions may appear and existing lesions may increase in size.<\/p>\n
As healing occurs, crust<\/span> and climbing<\/span> They are followed by a persistent dark brown color at the site. This may fade but often persists between attacks. Pigmentation<\/span> It tends to be more extensive and pronounced in people with dark skin. Fixed drug pigmentation rashes<\/span> fades when the offending drug is avoided.<\/p>\nFixed non-pigmented rashes due to pseudoephedrine and piroxicam have been reported.<\/p>\n
Local or general symptoms accompanying a fixed drug eruption are mild or absent.<\/p>\n
<\/span>\nGeneralized<\/span> bullous<\/span> fixed drug rash<\/span><\/h2>\nSometimes a patient with fixed drug eruption may present with multiple sites simultaneously where there are bullas<\/span> and erosions<\/span>. These are often intertriginous<\/span> sites. When it is extensive, the director differential diagnosis<\/span> It's Stevens-Johnson. syndrome<\/span> \/ \/ toxic<\/span> epidermal<\/span> necrolysis <\/p>\n<\/span>Medications that cause a fixed drug rash<\/span><\/h2>\nThe number of drugs capable of causing fixed rashes is large. Most reactions are due to the following medications.<\/p>\n