<\/span><\/h2>\nGnatostomiasis is a zoonosis (a infection<\/span> transmitted from animals) caused by larvae of a nematode (unsegmented roundworm). The most common cause is Gnathostoma spinigerum<\/em>. Other species include G. hispidum<\/em>.<\/p>\nCutaneous<\/span> Gnatostomiasis is known by several names around the world, including:<\/p>\n\n- Yangtze River edema<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Shanghai Rheumatism<\/li>\n
- Tuao Chid<\/li>\n
- \nPanniculitis<\/span> nodular<\/span> Immigration law.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>Who gets gnatostomiasis?<\/span><\/h2>\nGnatostomiasis is endemic<\/span> in countries where food is eaten raw or undercooked. Affected regions include Southeast Asia, Japan, Latin America, China, India, and Africa. The first Australian case was confirmed in 2011 in Western Australia. <\/p>\nGnatostomiasis is rare. However, the diagnosis should be considered in people with skin lesions and eosinophilia<\/span> who have recently traveled in endemic countries.<\/p>\n\n
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<\/span>What causes gnatostomiasis?<\/span><\/h2>\nGnatostomiasis is caused by ingesting larvae in poorly cooked food, such as fish, chicken, snakes, and frogs. Sushi generally does not pose a risk of gnathostomiasis, as more expensive saltwater fish do not carry larvae.<\/p>\n
In humans, intermittent symptoms appear when late third stage larvae migrate through the tissues. Larvae cannot reach sexual maturity in a human being. host<\/span>.<\/p>\n<\/span>What are the clinical characteristics of gnatostomiasis?<\/span><\/h2>\nGeneralized<\/span> Symptoms can develop within 24-48 hours after consuming the larvae. Such symptoms include:<\/p>\n\n- \nFever<\/span> and discomfort<\/span>\n<\/li>\n
- Urticaria<\/span><\/li>\n
- Gastrointestinal symptoms: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and right upper quadrant (epigastric or pain) abdominal pain \/ epigastric<\/li>\n
- These symptoms can last 2 to 3 weeks as the larva migrates through the stomach wall, intestines, or liver.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
<\/span>Cutaneous gnatostomiasis<\/span><\/h3>\nCutaneous gnatostomiasis appears as linear<\/span> no-bites<\/span> edema.<\/p>\n\n- Can be erythematous<\/span>, pruritus<\/span> or painful<\/li>\n
- It is usually lonely. However, multiple injuries have been reported.<\/li>\n
- The most common sites are the trunk or upper extremities.<\/li>\n
- The larvae leave tracking marks (known as deep larva migrans) and subcutaneous<\/span> hemorrhages<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
Injuries seen on the face are associated with spread to the central nervous system or eyes.<\/p>\n
<\/span>\nVisceral<\/span> gnatostomiasis<\/span><\/h3>\nVisceral disease is due to the migration of gnatostomiasis larvae within the body.<\/p>\n
Pulmonary<\/span> symptoms<\/p>\n