{"id":16515,"date":"2020-04-28T15:05:46","date_gmt":"2020-04-28T18:05:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/es\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/"},"modified":"2020-04-28T15:05:46","modified_gmt":"2020-04-28T18:05:46","slug":"introduction-aux-infections-fongiques","status":"publish","type":"wiki","link":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/","title":{"rendered":"Introduction aux infections fongiques."},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p><div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_87_1 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Contenu<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Basculer la table des mati\u00e8res\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Basculer<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Introduccion\" >introduction<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-5' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-5'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Infecciones-fungicas-de-la-piel\" >Infections fongiques de la peau<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Caracteristicas-de-los-hongos\" >Caract\u00e9ristiques des champignons.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Infecciones-fungicas-superficiales\" >Infections fongiques superficielles<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Subcutaneo-infecciones-fungicas\" >Infections fongiques sous-cutan\u00e9es<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Sistemico-infecciones-fungicas\" >Infections fongiques syst\u00e9miques<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Hongos-inhalados-infeccion\" >Hongos inhalados infecci\u00f3n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Infeccion-oportunista\" >Infection opportuniste<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wiki\/introduccion-a-las-infecciones-por-hongos\/#Las-infecciones-micoticas-oportunistas-incluyen\" >Les infections fongiques opportunistes comprennent:<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<section class=\"textBlock\">\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Introduccion\"><\/span>introduction<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les infections fongiques de la peau sont \u00e9galement appel\u00e9es \u00abmycoses\u00bb. Ils sont communs et g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement doux. Cependant, chez les personnes tr\u00e8s malades ou immunod\u00e9prim\u00e9es, les champignons peuvent parfois provoquer des maladies graves. <\/p>\n<section class=\"textBlock imageLinkBlockTitle\">\n<h5 class=\"colour--primary\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Infecciones-fungicas-de-la-piel\"><\/span>Infections fongiques de la peau<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h5>\n<\/section>\n<section class=\"imageLinkBlock\">\n<div class=\"flex\">\n<div class=\"imageLinkBlock__item__image\">\n<p>                        <img alt='blackdot-tinea-1__protectwyjqcm90zwn0il0_focusfillwzi5ncwymjisingildbd-9699505-9450988' src='https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/blackdot-tinea-1__ProtectWyJQcm90ZWN0Il0_FocusFillWzI5NCwyMjIsIngiLDBd-9699505.jpg'>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"p-small\">Teigne de la t\u00eate<\/p>\n<div class=\"imageLinkBlock__item__image\">\n<p>                        <img alt='tineacrur3__protectwyjqcm90zwn0il0_focusfillwzi5ncwymjisingildfd-8781126-6605042' src='https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/tineacrur3__ProtectWyJQcm90ZWN0Il0_FocusFillWzI5NCwyMjIsIngiLDFd-8781126.jpg'>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"p-small\">Teigne<\/p>\n<div class=\"imageLinkBlock__item__image\">\n<p>                        <img alt='food-handler-infection-02__protectwyjqcm90zwn0il0_focusfillwzi5ncwymjisingildfd-7806916-6549860' src='https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/food-handler-infection-02__ProtectWyJQcm90ZWN0Il0_FocusFillWzI5NCwyMjIsIngiLDFd-7806916.jpg'>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"p-small\">Paronychie chronique pour Candida<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<div class=\"clearfix imageLinkBlock\"><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Caracteristicas-de-los-hongos\"><\/span>Caract\u00e9ristiques des champignons.<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les champignons sont des parasites ou des saprophytes et vivent de mati\u00e8res organiques mortes ou vivantes.<\/p>\n<p>Les mycologues identifient et classifient les champignons en fonction de leur apparence par <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"867\">microscopie<\/span> et en <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"837\">culture<\/span>, et par la m\u00e9thode de reproduction, qui peut \u00eatre sexuelle ou asexu\u00e9e.<\/p>\n<p>Les champignons en croissance ont des filaments ramifi\u00e9s appel\u00e9s hyphes, qui forment le myc\u00e9lium (comme les branches font partie d&#039;un arbre). Certains champignons sont compartiment\u00e9s par des murs crois\u00e9s (appel\u00e9s septa).<\/p>\n<p>Les arthrospores sont constitu\u00e9es de fragments d&#039;hyphes qui se brisent dans les cloisons. Des spores asexu\u00e9es (conidies) se forment sur les conidiophores. La phase de reproduction sexuelle de nombreux champignons est inconnue; Ce sont des &quot;champignons imparfaits&quot; et incluent ceux qui infectent les humains.<\/p>\n<p>Les levures forment un sous-type fongique caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par des groupes de cellules rondes ou ovales. Ces germes de cellules similaires de sa surface pour se diviser et se propager. Dans certaines circonstances, ils forment une cha\u00eene de cellules appel\u00e9e pseudomycelia.<\/p>\n<div id=\"square-placement-country-holder\" class=\"country-dependent advert\">\n<div class=\"box-placement square-placement\">\n<div class=\"advert__frame\">\n<div id=\"dermnet-dermnet-mobbox\">\n<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Infecciones-fungicas-superficiales\"><\/span>Infections fongiques superficielles<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Celles-ci affectent les couches externes de la peau, <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"193\">clou<\/span> et <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"122\">cheveux<\/span>. Les principaux groupes de champignons qui provoquent des infections fongiques superficielles sont:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Dermatophytes (teigne)<\/li>\n<li>Levures: <em>Candidose<\/em>, y compris les esp\u00e8ces non albicans candida, <em>Malassezia<\/em>, <em>Calcul<\/em>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Moules<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Subcutaneo-infecciones-fungicas\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"900\">Sous-cutan\u00e9e<\/span> les infections fongiques<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Celles-ci impliquent les couches plus profondes de la peau (la <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"61\">derme<\/span>, tissu sous-cutan\u00e9 et m\u00eame os). Le causatif <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"883\">organismes<\/span> vit dans le sol sur une v\u00e9g\u00e9tation en d\u00e9composition. Ils peuvent se piquer la peau \u00e0 la suite d&#039;une blessure, mais restent g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"324\">situ\u00e9<\/span> au site d&#039;implantation. Les infections cutan\u00e9es plus profondes comprennent:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Myc\u00e9tome<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Chromoblastomycose.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sistemico-infecciones-fungicas\"><\/span>\n<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"380\">Syst\u00e9mique<\/span> les infections fongiques<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Les mycoses syst\u00e9miques peuvent r\u00e9sulter de l&#039;inhalation de spores fongiques, qui vivent dans le sol ou la v\u00e9g\u00e9tation en d\u00e9composition, ou se pr\u00e9sentent comme une maladie opportuniste. <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1695\">immunod\u00e9prim\u00e9<\/span> personnes.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hongos-inhalados-infeccion\"><\/span>Champignons inhal\u00e9s <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"145\">infection<\/span><br \/>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Bien que rares, certains peuvent infecter des individus en bonne sant\u00e9. Le r\u00e9sultat est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement une infection b\u00e9nigne et une r\u00e9sistance durable aux nouvelles attaques, mais parfois ces infections sont plus graves et <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"319\">chronique<\/span> (en particulier dans le syst\u00e8me immunitaire affaibli). Les organismes qui causent des infections fongiques syst\u00e9miques comprennent:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Histoplasmose<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\n<em>Coccidio\u00efdomycose<\/em> (Am\u00e9rique du Nord et du Sud).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Infeccion-oportunista\"><\/span>Infection opportuniste<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>D&#039;autres mycoses syst\u00e9miques n&#039;infectent que ceux qui sont d\u00e9j\u00e0 malades ou qui ont un trouble d&#039;immunod\u00e9ficience (ce sont des \u00abopportunistes\u00bb). Une infection r\u00e9p\u00e9t\u00e9e peut survenir. Les risques de mycose syst\u00e9mique comprennent:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Maladie grave et faiblesse.<\/li>\n<li>\n<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"30\">Cancer<\/span> ou <span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"613\">leuc\u00e9mie<\/span>\n<\/li>\n<li>Diab\u00e8te mellitus<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"1792\">Transplantation<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Doses d&#039;antibiotiques en vrac.<\/li>\n<li>Nutrition parent\u00e9rale<\/li>\n<li>La toxicomanie<\/li>\n<li>Infection par le virus de l&#039;immunod\u00e9ficience humaine (<span class=\"term\" data-term-id=\"127\">VIH<\/span>)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Las-infecciones-micoticas-oportunistas-incluyen\"><\/span>Les infections fongiques opportunistes comprennent:<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<em>Aspergillose<\/em> (Trouv\u00e9 partout)<\/li>\n<li><em>Zygomycose<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\n<em>Cryptococcose<\/em> (o\u00f9 il y a des crottes de pigeon)<\/li>\n<li><em>Trichosporon beigelii<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Pseudallescheria boydii<\/em><\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Esp\u00e8ce Candida non albicans.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introducci\u00f3n Las infecciones f\u00fangicas de la piel tambi\u00e9n se conocen como &#8220;micosis&#8221;. Son comunes y generalmente leves. Sin embargo, en personas muy enfermas o inmunodeprimidas, los hongos a veces pueden&#8230;<\/p>","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16515","wiki","type-wiki","status-publish","format-standard"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/16515","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/wiki"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16515"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/wiki\/16515\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16515"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16515"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/doctorhoogstra.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16515"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}