Granular cell tumor

What is a granule cell? tumor?

A granular cell tumor is rare, usually benign tumor previously known as granular cell myoblastoma. Their origin has been debated since their first description, but it is now generally believed that they originate in Schwann cells (cells that provide myelin insulation to nerves)

They are called granular cell tumors because of their appearance under the microscope.

Where does a granular cell tumor occur?

Granular cell tumors occur in the skin or subcutaneous tissue in 30 to 40% of cases. Approximately 50% occurs in the head and neck with almost 25% in the tongue. However, they can occur on any skin or mucous membrane site and occasionally affect internal organs.

What are the clinical characteristics of cutaneous granular cell tumor?

A granular cell tumor is usually solitary, small (usually 1 to 3 cm), and painless. Occasionally mild itching or tenderness is described. They usually appear as a colored skin that grows slowly nodule With a smooth or slightly rough surface.

Who gets granular cell tumor?

Granular cell tumors can occur in anyone, however, they tend to be more common in women and dark-skinned people. Most tend to develop between the third and fifth decades of life.

Multiple granular cell tumors can occur in up to 25% cases and it is in these patients that associations with other conditions are occasionally made. There appears to be an association with multiple lentigines, and cases have been reported in patients with a definitive diagnosis of Noonan syndrome, neurofibromatosis type I and Leopard syndrome. Family Cases of multiple granular cell tumors also occur.

What tests are required?

The diagnosis of granular cell tumor is made through the skin. biopsy. Histopathology reveals features granules within cytoplasm of large tumor cells.

A general medical history and examination to exclude any potentially associated conditions are helpful.

What is the treatment of granular cell tumor?

Very often surgical excision of the tumor will provide a diagnosis and treatment of choice.

Which is the forecast for granular cell tumor?

More than 98% granular cell tumors are benign and should be cured after complete excision. Evil one change has been reported very rarely and tends to be more reliably predicted by aggressive clinical features (rapid growth, size greater than 4 cm, necrosis, lymph node participation) instead of histological characteristics. Therefore, large or aggressively growing tumors should be followed postoperatively.