Human herpes viruses (HHV) include several very common viruses that have cutaneous manifestations The Herpesvirales family is characterized by:
- Double chain DNA genome
- Icosahedral capsid surrounded by an integument
- Lipid envelope derived from infected cell membranes modified by insertion of encoded viruses glycoproteins
- 160–200 nm diameter
- Infectious, latent (persistence in host) and reactive phases of infection
| Subfamily | Gender | Species | Common name | Abbreviation | Condition |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alphaherpesvirinae | Simplexvirus | Human herpesvirus 1 (HHV1) | Herpes simplex virus 1 | HSV1 |
Primary Herpes simplex (cold sores) Reactivation: Recurrent herpes, eczema herpetic |
| Human herpesvirus 2 (HHV2) | Herpes simplex virus 2 | HSV2 | Primary genital herpes Reactivation: recurrent herpes | ||
| Varicellovirus | Human herpesvirus 3 (HHV3) | Varicella zoster virus | VZV | Chickenpox | |
| Betaherpesvirinae | Cytomegalovirus | Human herpesvirus 5 (HHV5) | Cytomegalovirus | CMV | Cytomegalovirus infection |
| Roseolovirus | Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV6) | Roseola virus HHV6B | Roseola | ||
| Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV7) | |||||
| Gammaherpesvirinae | Lymphocriptovirus | Human herpesvirus 4 (HHV4) | Epstein Barr virus | EBV | Infectious mononucellosis |
| Rhadinovirus | Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV8) | Kaposi sarcoma associated herpes virus | KSV | Kaposi's sarcoma |
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