Madarosis

What is it madarosis?

Madarosis refers to the loss of the eyelashes or eyebrows. Can be:

• Unilateral or bilateral
• Incomplete or complete
• No scars or scars.

In scarless madarosis, follicular The structures are retained and it is potentially reversible. The scarring of the madarosis is due to a deep inflammation and fibrosis, and is more likely to result in permanent tabs and hair lost.

Loss of eyelashes alone is also known as milfosis.

Who gets madarosis?

Madarosis can be found in both sexes and in any age group, but, depending on the underlying cause, it is more common in older people.

What causes madarosis?

Madarosis is caused by any process that damages the hair bulb or hair shaft, leading to temporary or permanent hair loss.

Common causes of madarosis include:

• Staphylococci infection
• Herpes Simplex
• Rosacea
• Alopecia areata
• Hypothyroidism (normally affects a bilateral external third of the eyebrow)
• Hyperthyroidism
• Atopic dermatitis
• Psoriasis
• Trauma
• Treatment-induced madarosis, such as that resulting from chemotherapy, radiotherapy, To be treatment and botulinum toxin injection.

Uncommon causes of madarosis include:

• Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE)
• Scleroderma

• Lichen planopilaris and frontal fibrosing alopecia

• Different skin types Cancer, as intraepidermal carcinoma, basal cell carcinoma scaly cell carcinoma or melanoma

• Infection-related madarosis, such as that resulting from the dermatophyte fungus (ringworm), atypical mycobacteria, leprosy and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)

• Vitamin A toxicity
• Drug toxicity (eg, Thallium and cocaine)
• Genetic or congenital disorders (eg, ichthyosiform erythroderma, ectodermal dysplasia, cryptophthalmos and Ehlers - Danlos syndrome)
• Psychiatric causes (eg, trichotillomania and artifact dermatitis).

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How is madarosis diagnosed?

Madarosis can be diagnosed clinically based on an adequate history and examination. Useful tests may include:

• Tricoscopy (hair dermoscopy)
• Skin swabs for bacterial culture and laboratory tests for viral infections, such as Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) essays
• Scraped mushrooms for microscopy and culture
• Skin biopsy
• Blood tests (eg, thyroid function and vitamin A levels).

What is the treatment for madarosis?

The specific recommended treatment for madarosis depends on its underlying cause (eg, antibiotics are recommended for madarosis caused by a bacterial infection). Non-specific measures that can be used in madarosis include:

• Cosmetic camouflage
• Eyebrow wigs and false eyelashes
• Tattoos

• Minoxidil solution

• Current prostaglandins (eg, bimatoprost)

• Hair transplant and grafting eyelashes.