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Isotretinoína en dosis bajas en el tratamiento del acné

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Isotretinoína (Roacuan) En dosis bajas para el tratamiento del acné se recomienda por sus menores efectos secundarios, la oportunidad de combinarse con diversos tratamientos y por ser rentable.

La isotretinoína oral, el famoso “roacutan”, es el tratamiento más eficaz para el acné moderado y severo. Es sobre todo esencial como tratamiento para las alternativas para acné que dejan cicatrices.

Es un tratamiento seguro y bien tolerado, pese a su mala fama sin fundamento científico. Para su prescripción, es recomendable realizar análisis de seguimiento del paciente. Sus efectos secundarios dependen de la dosis, e incluyen la sensibilidad al sol y la sequedad de la piel y las mucosas como fundamentales.

Durante el tratamiento, se debe controlar la función hepática con análisis de sangre y se debe evitar el embarazo en mujeres en edad fértil hasta un mes posteriormente de concluido el tratamiento.

Los efectos colaterales de la isotretinoína oral dependen de la dosis, por lo que al reducir esa dosis, pueden reducirse inclusive con resultados finales comparables a las dosis completas o habituales.

1. ¿Qué son las dosis bajas de isotretinoína o “roacuan”? ¿Cómo se realiza un régimen de isotretinoína en dosis bajas?

Hay varias alternativas para publicitar isotretinoína por debajo de las dosis habituales. A modo de ejemplo, se pueden prescribir 0,5 mg / kg / peso y día una semana al mes durante 6 meses, o 5 mg al día durante 6 meses (1).

Además podemos tomar como referencia la dosis estándar, que es de 0,5 a 1 mg / kg / día durante 4 meses (hasta acumular 120 a 140 mg / kg / día), y dividir esa dosis aproximadamente entre 4 o menos (1,2 ).

Cuando utilizamos dosis de isotretinoína oral de 0,1 a 0,3 mg / kg / día, es recomendable prolongar el tratamiento durante 6 meses (1). Otra recomendación generalizada en la literatura es mantenerla hasta uno o dos meses posteriormente de que se resuelva el acné (2,3).

Clasificación de las dosis de isotretinoína

  • Dosis baja: 0,1 mg / kg / día
  • Dosis media: 0,5 mg / kg / día
  • Dosis altas: 1 mg / kg / día

2. Y posteriormente, ¿cuál es la microdosis o la minidosis de isotretinoína?

Es una forma de gestionar isotretinoína o “roacutan” en el acné adulto para evitar recurrencias posteriormente del tratamiento.

Consiste en gestionar una dosis baja o intermedia uno o dos días a la semana posteriormente de culminar el tratamiento durante 6 a 24 meses (3).

Siempre es esencial recordar a las pacientes en edad fértil que, aún cuando disminuir la dosis disminuye los efectos secundarios de la isotretinoína, esto no ocurre con el riesgo de dañar al bebé si quedan embarazadas durante el tratamiento. Hay que insistir en que nunca debe permanecer embarazada tomando isotretinoína, en ningún caso.

3. ¿Se obtienen los mismos resultados con isotretinoína oral en dosis altas que en dosis bajas?

Se obtienen resultados similares en eficacia (1-3), no obstante, la oportunidad de recurrencia, dicho de otra forma, de que el acné vuelva a aparecer, es mayor cuando se usan dosis bajas de isotretinoína. Esta tasa de recurrencia es aproximadamente del 35% de los casos (1). A pesar de todo, parece curioso que las diferencias de recurrencia entre el tratamiento estándar y el de dosis baja no sean estadísticamente significativas (35% vs 22%) (1,3,4).

Isotretinoína: estructura molecular.

4. ¿Se pueden tratar todos los tipos de acné con isotretinoína en dosis bajas?

Los estudios comentan que sí, inclusive las formas más graves de acné se pueden controlar con buenos resultados en dosis bajas (1,3).

Es por ello que tal vez lo mejor sea adaptarse al paciente, puesto que el uso de dosis bajas puede prolongar el tratamiento en formas graves de acné, aún cuando esto no ha sido probado (1). Lo que sí sabemos es que, en general, las formas más graves de acné necesitan más dosis acumuladas de isotretinoína para resolverse (2,3).

Considero a los pacientes con acné leve a moderado, que no responden a los tratamientos con cremas o antibióticos orales y con cicatrices leves, sobre todo buenos candidatos.

5. ¿Cuál es el principal beneficio de tomar isotretinoína oral en dosis bajas para el acné?

Hay varios, creo que si tuviera que seleccionar uno sería el mejor tolerancia para el paciente, dicho de otra forma, la oportunidad de vivir prácticamente una vida “normal” o su vida frecuente.

Aun así, si puede aparecer algún efecto colateral, aún cuando de mucha menor intensidad, el más habitual es la sequedad de labios o queilitis, presente hasta en un 40% de los pacientes de los estudios.

Otra gran utilidad es la oportunidad de usar concomitantemente otros tratamientos, que no se puede usar cuando se usan dosis estándar. Estos tratamientos disponen como objetivo mejorar la cicatrización y son retinoides tópicos, ácidos en diferentes concentraciones, peelings y láseres. Es es por ello que que esta dinámica de fijar la isotretinoína es muy útil en el acné moderado-severo y con cicatrices.

6. ¿Cuál es el principal inconveniente de tomar isotretinoína oral en dosis bajas para el acné?

En la mayoría de los estudios realizados con este régimen de tratamiento se encuentran mayores porcentajes de recurrencia del acné meses o años posteriormente de culminar el tratamiento, y en algunos llegan hasta el 52% (1). A pesar de todo, parece que esta diferencia no es estadísticamente significativa (3). La necesidad de dosis más acumulativas de isotretinoína oral en formas más graves de acné (1-3), hace que sea lógico pensar que necesitarían tratamientos más largos a dosis bajas.

7. ¿Tengo que hacerme las pruebas de control del mismo modo que si tomara isotretinoína en dosis altas?

La monitorización clásica del tratamiento “roacuan” en un paciente sano incluye hemograma, perfil hepático y lípidos antes y dos meses posteriormente de iniciar el tratamiento. Se puede agregar GGT para examinar el daño hepático y la CPK en pacientes físicamente activos (2). El tratamiento con isotretinoína en dosis bajas reduce los efectos secundarios del acné y la monitorización analítica Puede relajarse (2,3), no obstante, el dermatólogo valorará las pruebas indispensables a realizar en cada contexto.

8. ¿Existe algún factor que pueda predisponer a la recurrencia del acné cuando se trata con isotretinoína en dosis bajas?

Sí, existen algunos factores que están relacionados con un incremento en las tasas de recurrencia del acné y son los siguientes (1,3):

  • Edad joven en el momento del tratamiento.
  • Antecedentes familiares de acné.
  • Acné preadolescente.
  • Acné con afectación extensa, más allá del rostro.
  • Genero femenino
  • Sindrome de Ovario poliquistico
Isotretinoína en dosis bajas en el tratamiento del acné

9. ¿Existe alguna manera de prevenir la recurrencia de los tratamientos para el acné con isotretinoína en dosis bajas?

Hay algunos estudios que encuentran tasas de recurrencia más bajas cuando la isotretinoína se combina with a antibiótico macrólido, como azitromicina (1). La combinación con corticosteroides orales reduce la inflamación del acné, reduce los efectos secundarios pero no cambia la tasa de recurrencia posteriormente del tratamiento (1). Parece que las dietas ricas en vitaminas pueden reducir la recurrencia posteriormente del tratamiento del acné con isotretinoína (2,3).

10. ¿Y por qué lo uso?

Me posibilita un trato mucho más amistoso con los pacientes y que pueden hacer que la “vida” sea más normal. interfiere menos con su vida diaria.

Por otra parte, la piel adquiere mejor estilo reduciendo la sequedad con una dosis menor, para que el paciente se vea “guapo” antes y le dé satisfacción.

Además debido a que me posibilita relajar los controles analítica, siempre importante, y ahora más en tiempos de coronavirus, puesto que reduce los desplazamientos de pacientes.

Las dosis bajas de isotretinoína me posibilitan relajar la hidratación que el paciente requiere, y se me abre una variedad de productos temas que no pude usar en dosis completas y que me posibilitan trabajar en la cicatrización y calidad de la piel.

Cuando uso isotretinoína en dosis bajas, puedo realizar procedimientos con láser durante el tratamiento, lo que me permitió comenzar a trabajar para impulsar la apariencia y la cicatrización de la piel.

The treatment is mas economico, el precio del “roacutan” además depende de la dosis.

Siempre le explico al paciente que con este tratamiento vamos “a demanda” de su acné según respuesta, y que existe la oportunidad de tener que volver a hacerlo más tarde, aún cuando no será como el acné anterior que tratamos, siempre el las recurrencias son de menor intensidad. A cambio, el paciente no toma más de las dosis indispensables de isotretinoína.

11. ¿Y cuándo no lo uso?

En las alternativas para acné moderado-severo, a menos que esté contraindicado, el patrón, en mi opinión, sigue siendo el estándar. Es más ventajoso y le posibilita terminar el tratamiento antes con los mejores resultados. Para este caso, el trabajo en la cicatriz con láser o peelings se realiza al final del tratamiento o el régimen con isotretinoína a dosis estándar.

Conclusions

Podemos decir que según estudios publicados se recomiendan dosis bajas de 0,1 a 0,3 mg / kg / día de isotretinoína oral para el tratamiento del acné por sus menores efectos secundarios, la oportunidad de combinarse con diversos tratamientos y por ser de coste -eficaz.

References

1. Sadeghzadeh-Bazargan A, Ghassemi M, Goodarzi A, Roohaninasab M, Najar Nobari N, Behrangi E. Revisión sistemática de isotretinoína de dosis baja para el tratamiento del acné vulgar: enfoque en la indicación, dosis, régimen, eficacia, seguridad, satisfacción y seguimiento up, basado en estudios clínicos. Dermatol Ther. 21 de octubre de 2020: e14438.

2. Landis MN. Optimización del tratamiento del acné con isotretinoína: actualización de las recomendaciones actuales para el seguimiento, la dosificación, la seguridad, los efectos adversos, el cumplimiento y los resultados. I'm J Clin Dermatol 2020 junio; 21: 411-419.

3. Sardana K, Garg VK. Eficacia de la isotretinoína en dosis bajas en el acné vulgar. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2010 enero-febrero; 76 (1): 7-13.

4. Abdelmaksoud A, Lotti T, Anadolu R, Goldust M, Ayhan E, Dave DD, Vestita M, Ebik B, Gupta M. Dosis baja de isotretinoína: una revisión completa. Dermatol Ther 2020 Mar; 33: e13251.

Master formulation in dermatology: when is it indicated?

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Know when the magisterial formulation is indicated in dermatology (creams and lotions prepared in pharmacy), as well as its advantages and disadvantages.

Sometimes dermatologists prescribe a prescription where we write a formula to treat his pathology. And why do we do it? Is a cream formula prescribed by a dermatologist the same as a commercial cream? Can a pharmacy prepare a cream well? In the following text I answer these and other questions on this topic.

Why does my dermatologist prescribe a lotion or cream for me to make at the pharmacy?

The magistral formula has been classically used in dermatology and even today, with the large number of treatment creams and cosmetic products marketed, it continues to occupy a place in skin therapy. We usually prescribe a master formulation when we do not find or know a cream on the market that meets the needs treatment that we want to prescribe for a patient's dermatological condition at a given time. And not only do we prescribe creams, but also the magisterial formulation includes tablets (oral treatment).

We can summarize it in the following Table, adapted from Sánchez-Regaña et al.:

  • No such drug or cream is marketed (not manufactured, out of stock, withdrawn from the market, etc.).
  • This formula facilitates the administration and compliance of the treatment by the patient.
  • The formula allows to eliminate excipients or compounds that cause allergies.
  • The formula allows the active ingredients to be graduated and adapted to the patient.
  • The formula increases the effectiveness of the treatment.

Are master formulas or personalized creams widely used?

Dermatology is possibly the medical specialty in which they are used the most, since the variability of active principles, vehicles and their way of optimizing each patient is extensive. Traditionally, compounding has been associated with ancient medicine, and in countries like Germany it represents approximately 4% of medical prescriptions worldwide. In the case of dermatology, this percentage is possibly higher.

What does a recipe for a master formula look like?

It is a recipe in which dermatologists will prescribe one or more active ingredients, the percentage of each one of them, the base or the vehicle where they will be included and the necessary amount.

How is a formula made in the pharmacy different from a commercial cream?

It differs above all in that in them I find what I want or what I consider best to treat the patient at that time and that I do not find it commercialized. Personalized creams allow me to solve circumstances in treatments that I could not solve with the creams on the market.

Do all pharmacies prepare creams?

Not all pharmacies have a laboratory and formulating pharmacist who prepares creams. However, all of them have the capacity to dispense master formulas to the patients who come to them, so if they do not have the capacity to make creams, they ask another pharmacy to prepare them.

What are the disadvantages of using a composition formula?

• One of the disadvantages of using personalized pharmacy creams is that the vehicles, textures and perfumes are not as pleasant as industrial creams.

• The elaboration is not homogeneous, there may be some error and also variability in the elaboration of the different bases between pharmacies.

• The formulations contain less information, with a label and not with a prospectus.

• There may be price variations from one pharmacy to another.

References to prepare this article on compounding in dermatology

1. Sánchez-Regaña M, Llambí-Mateos F, Salleras-Redonnet M, Iglesias Sancho M, Collgros Totosaus H, Umbert-Millet P. Compounding as a current therapeutic option in dermatology. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2013; 104: 738-56. PMID: 22818830.

2. Abarca Lachén E, Hernando Martínez P, Gilaberte Calzada Y. The most useful pharmaceutical formulations (individualized drugs) in pediatric dermatology: a review. Actas Dermosifiliogr. November 18, 2020: S0001-7310 (20) 30477-4. PMID: 33220314.

¿Por qué capacitarse profesionalmente en diplomados estéticos?

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Getting professional training in the field of aesthetic health is vital when you want to get new job opportunities. The diploma in aesthetic medicine and the diploma in facial and body aesthetics are two quite interesting options to get more involved in this labor sector.

Aesthetic medicine has several advantages that can be fully exploited. Every day the number of people determined to improve their physical characteristics increases, be it the face, or also other vital parts of the body where imperfections appear, such as acne.

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Aesthetic beauty is one of the most desired realities today

The most used advertising content today is that related to aesthetic beauty. Everyone wants to improve their physical appearance in order to feel happier and even better about themselves.

For this reason, medical alternatives to perfect personal aesthetics are one of the most sought after topics. Due to this, there will always be a labor demand for workers in the field of aesthetic medicine.

What do you learn by studying aesthetic medicine at Euroinnova?

With the aesthetic medicine diploma taught by the Euroinnova entity, the student obtains the necessary tools to perform as a professional in any aesthetic care medical center. The course syllabus is fully updated to achieve the best training results.

In addition, the focus of the diploma is to train students in the different treatments used to improve aesthetic problems of all kinds. One of those drawbacks is skin aging, which is addressed with quite new technological methodologies.

What is learned in the facial and body aesthetics diploma?

Facial and body aesthetics provides the best knowledge to attend to all the difficulties present in the field of aesthetics with current treatments and techniques.

The main objective of the course is to master the main aesthetic medicine treatments, learn the anatomical bases, adequately manage the various skin rejuvenation techniques and successfully address each existing dermatological problem in patients.

What benefits are achieved with aesthetic medicine treatments?

There are many benefits, in addition to improving physical appearance, achieving better results in social , economic, and work relationships, and especially achieving exponential growth in self-esteem.

The procedures carried out with aesthetic medicine are not invasive, that is, they do not represent sudden changes in the body and, in the case of not being satisfied with the results, the patient can return to their original state.

Some treatments, for example those related to weight loss , are completely natural and due to their impact, become permanent.

Another of the advantages of aesthetic medicine is the short time of the treatments, not only in implementation, but also in the recovery after the procedure is finished.

Where to work with a diploma in aesthetic medicine or body and facial aesthetics?

Thanks to Euroinnova’s professional career, jobs can be obtained in different areas of facial and body aesthetics, not only in the educational field, but also in facial and body treatment centers , in addition to the aesthetic sector itself.

 

Benefits of anti-cellulite massagers

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Anti-cellulite massagers are ideal if you always want to look good, although you must accompany them with a balanced diet and a little exercise. If you still doubt the effectiveness of these devices, here we will talk about their benefits.

You can say goodbye to cellulite with the best anti-cellulite massagers at MassagerTOP . From the comfort of your home, anti-cellulite massage devices will become the perfect ally for those who spend many hours sitting or have a sedentary life.

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Benefits of anti-cellulite massagers

One of the fastest solutions to deal with cellulite is a massager device. Cellulite or orange peel skin is enemy number one for most women. However, it is possible to eliminate cellulite or at least reduce it.

Help break down localized fat

As most know, cellulite is excess fat in certain areas of the body. For some people it's as simple as cutting some foods out of their diet and exercising.

However, sitting for a long time or not having an established exercise routine can be enough for cellulite to be part of our body for a long time.

To do this, anti-cellulite massagers have the necessary movements and pressure to break down localized fat in some areas of the body. It is recommended to use your anti-cellulite massage device daily and make the right movements to obtain good results.

The waves they transmit manage to move the fat that stays in the same place and causes the dreaded cellulite.

They facilitate the penetration of cosmetics to treat cellulite

The movement of the massagers to combat cellulite opens the pores, favoring the absorption of anti-cellulite creams . That is, it allows you to have a better hydration of the area.

We must point out that it is essential to make an appropriate choice of creams. Not all of them are really effective. Therefore, if you want beneficial results, you must properly investigate the best products.

It has different heads for a better job

Depending on the intensity and depth you want to achieve, you can choose between different heads . The function of each one must be evaluated in the instructions of the massager device.

However, they are all beneficial for improving the lymphatic system, eliminating cellulite and, according to some specialists, they manage to work the circulatory system of the areas where you place it.

They are easy to use

Although it is popular to see these devices only in specialized anti-cellulite massage parlors, many massagers are designed for use at home . Following all the instructions you can make your own massages.

They are small in size and light in weight, they do not need too much storage space to carry out the simple work of massage. All heads fit perfectly without the need to exert much pressure.

Should you buy an anti-cellulite massager?

Of course, massages are an excellent option to reduce or eliminate cellulite. They will not only help you have a better figure, but will also improve the aesthetics of your body. In addition, it is beneficial for health.

You should also not worry about the price. In the market you can find quality anti-cellulite massagers for an affordable price, as is the case with the MassageadorTOP online store where they publish the best offers of massage devices today.

Discover the benefits of transparent orthodontics

orthodontics-invisible

If you dream of having a perfect smile but without having to deal with the drawbacks of traditional braces, transparent orthodontics is an excellent alternative. Clear aligners resemble a clear splint or sleeve that surrounds your teeth.

Clear aligners are orthodontic appliances that are designed to blend in with the patient's teeth. These devices can be used to treat adults and children with orthodontic problems. This is a preferred option over classic braces, which are flashy devices that can hamper any smile.

orthodontics-invisible

They work on the same general principle as traditional braces: they apply pressure to your teeth to gradually move them into position. The only difference is that aligners are not fixed to the teeth like metal braces. In order for your teeth to keep moving in the right direction, you'll need to change your splint every two weeks or so, and each aligner will be slightly different from the last so your teeth continue to straighten.

 

Advantages of transparent orthodontics

Back when metal braces were the primary way to get a straight smile, most people refused these necessary treatments simply because they didn't want their smile compromised by a bunch of metal wires and brackets.

Thanks to transparent orthodontics , these people can now get the treatment they need, which improves their oral and general health.

Invisible braces or clear aligners use vacuum-formed trays made of invisible rigid plastic like PETG or PU.

These trays are made using 3D design and 3D printing technology. High-tech 3D design software is used to simulate the desired movement of the teeth, and the teeth are slowly moved into position through a series of these plastic trays. Each one of the trays moves a tooth a maximum of 0.2 mm and every 15 to 20 days the successive trays must be changed.

There are some benefits of clear aligner treatments or invisible braces compared to metal or ceramic braces.

Transparent braces give you more confidence

One of the main reasons people choose clear aligners over braces is the increased confidence that comes with it. Metal braces and wires cover most of a person's teeth, so all people see is a mouth full of metal every time they smile.

Clear braces do not compromise the patient's smile and most of the people they interact with don't even know they have braces on their teeth. Clear aligners are hard to notice as they are completely transparent.

The result of being able to discreetly straighten your teeth is greater confidence. The patient doesn't have to waste time explaining why he has so much metal in his mouth and can show off his ever-improving smile as his teeth move into better alignment. People with clear braces are free to go about their day without having to worry about what others might think of their appearance.

Invisible aligners are cleaner and more hygienic.

invisible aligners are removable splints, making it easy to clean and maintain. Also, it is necessary to remove the aligners before eating, so there is no lodging of food.

If you have already decided that you want to have a dreamy smile without the need to spend more, dentalcompany.es will provide you with clear aligners as a convenient way to straighten your teeth.